GModelSpectralPlaw2 Class Reference

Flux normalized power law spectral model class. More...

#include <GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp>

Inheritance diagram for GModelSpectralPlaw2:

GModelSpectral GBase List of all members.

Public Member Functions

 GModelSpectralPlaw2 (void)
 Void constructor.
 GModelSpectralPlaw2 (const std::string &type, const std::string &integral, const std::string &index, const std::string &emin, const std::string &emax)
 Model type and parameter name constructor.
 GModelSpectralPlaw2 (const double &integral, const double &index, const GEnergy &emin, const GEnergy &emax)
 Constructor.
 GModelSpectralPlaw2 (const GXmlElement &xml)
 XML constructor.
 GModelSpectralPlaw2 (const GModelSpectralPlaw2 &model)
 Copy constructor.
virtual ~GModelSpectralPlaw2 (void)
 Destructor.
virtual GModelSpectralPlaw2operator= (const GModelSpectralPlaw2 &model)
 Assignment operator.
virtual void clear (void)
 Clear power law model.
virtual GModelSpectralPlaw2clone (void) const
 Clone power law model.
virtual std::string classname (void) const
 Return class name.
virtual std::string type (void) const
 Return model type.
virtual double eval (const GEnergy &srcEng, const GTime &srcTime=GTime()) const
 Evaluate function.
virtual double eval_gradients (const GEnergy &srcEng, const GTime &srcTime=GTime())
 Evaluate function and gradients.
virtual double flux (const GEnergy &emin, const GEnergy &emax) const
 Returns model photon flux between [emin, emax] (units: ph/cm2/s).
virtual double eflux (const GEnergy &emin, const GEnergy &emax) const
 Returns model energy flux between [emin, emax] (units: ph/cm2/s).
virtual GEnergy mc (const GEnergy &emin, const GEnergy &emax, const GTime &time, GRan &ran) const
 Returns MC energy between [emin, emax].
virtual void read (const GXmlElement &xml)
 Read model from XML element.
virtual void write (GXmlElement &xml) const
 Write model into XML element.
virtual std::string print (const GChatter &chatter=NORMAL) const
 Print power law information.
double integral (void) const
 Return integral flux.
void integral (const double &integral)
 Set integral flux.
double index (void) const
 Return power law index.
void index (const double &index)
 Set power law index.
GEnergy emin (void) const
 Return minimum energy.
void emin (const GEnergy &emin)
 Set minimum energy.
GEnergy emax (void) const
 Return maximum energy.
void emax (const GEnergy &emax)
 Set maximum energy.

Protected Member Functions

void init_members (void)
 Initialise class members.
void copy_members (const GModelSpectralPlaw2 &model)
 Copy class members.
void free_members (void)
 Delete class members.
void update (const GEnergy &srcEng) const
 Update precomputed values.

Protected Attributes

std::string m_type
 Model type.
GModelPar m_integral
 Integral flux.
GModelPar m_index
 Spectral index.
GModelPar m_emin
 Lower energy limit (MeV).
GModelPar m_emax
 Upper energy limit (MeV).
double m_log_emin
 Log(emin).
double m_log_emax
 Log(emax).
double m_pow_emin
 emin^(index+1)
double m_pow_emax
 emax^(index+1)
double m_norm
 Power-law normalization (for pivot energy 1 MeV).
double m_g_norm
 Power-law normalization gradient.
double m_power
 Power-law factor.
double m_last_integral
 Last integral flux.
double m_last_index
 Last spectral index (MeV).
GEnergy m_last_emin
 Last lower energy limit.
GEnergy m_last_emax
 Last upper energy limit.
GEnergy m_last_energy
 Last source energy.
double m_last_value
 Last function value.
double m_last_g_integral
 Last integral flux gradient.
double m_last_g_index
 Last spectral index gradient.

Detailed Description

Flux normalized power law spectral model class.

This class implements a power law spectrum. The model is defined by

\[ S_{\rm E}(E | t) = {\tt m\_integral} \frac{{\tt m\_index}+1} {{\tt e\_max}^{{\tt m\_index}+1} - {\tt e\_min}^{{\tt m\_index}+1}} E^{\tt m\_index} \]

for ${\tt m\_index} \ne -1$ and

\[ S_{\rm E}(E | t) = \frac{{\tt m\_integral}} {\log {\tt e\_max} - \log {\tt e\_min}} E^{\tt m\_index} \]

for ${\tt m\_index} = -1$, where

Definition at line 73 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.


Constructor & Destructor Documentation

GModelSpectralPlaw2::GModelSpectralPlaw2 ( void   ) 

Void constructor.

Constructs empty power law photon flux model.

Definition at line 82 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References init_members().

Referenced by clone().

GModelSpectralPlaw2::GModelSpectralPlaw2 ( const std::string &  type,
const std::string &  integral,
const std::string &  index,
const std::string &  emin,
const std::string &  emax 
)

Model type and parameter name constructor.

Parameters:
[in] type Model type.
[in] integral Name of integral parameter.
[in] index Name of index parameter.
[in] emin Name of emin parameter.
[in] emax Name of emax parameter.

Definition at line 101 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References init_members(), m_emax, m_emin, m_index, m_integral, m_type, and GOptimizerPar::name().

GModelSpectralPlaw2::GModelSpectralPlaw2 ( const double &  integral,
const double &  index,
const GEnergy emin,
const GEnergy emax 
)

Constructor.

Parameters:
[in] integral Integral flux (ph/cm2/s).
[in] index Power law index.
[in] emin Minimum energy.
[in] emax Maximum energy.
Construct a spectral power law from the

Definition at line 139 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References emax(), emin(), init_members(), m_emax, m_emin, m_index, m_integral, GEnergy::MeV(), and GOptimizerPar::value().

GModelSpectralPlaw2::GModelSpectralPlaw2 ( const GXmlElement xml  )  [explicit]

XML constructor.

Parameters:
[in] xml XML element.
Constructs flux normalized power law spectral model by extracting information from an XML element. See the read() method for more information about the expected structure of the XML element.

Definition at line 168 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References init_members(), and read().

GModelSpectralPlaw2::GModelSpectralPlaw2 ( const GModelSpectralPlaw2 model  ) 

Copy constructor.

Parameters:
[in] model Spectral power law model.

Definition at line 187 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References copy_members(), and init_members().

GModelSpectralPlaw2::~GModelSpectralPlaw2 ( void   )  [virtual]

Destructor.

Definition at line 204 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References free_members().


Member Function Documentation

std::string GModelSpectralPlaw2::classname ( void   )  const [inline, virtual]

Return class name.

Returns:
String containing the class name ("GModelSpectralPlaw2").

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 164 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::clear ( void   )  [virtual]

Clear power law model.

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 259 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References GModelSpectral::free_members(), free_members(), init_members(), and GModelSpectral::init_members().

GModelSpectralPlaw2 * GModelSpectralPlaw2::clone ( void   )  const [virtual]

Clone power law model.

Returns:
Pointer to deep copy of power law model

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 279 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References GModelSpectralPlaw2().

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::copy_members ( const GModelSpectralPlaw2 model  )  [protected]

Copy class members.

Parameters:
[in] model Spectral power law model.

Definition at line 823 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References m_emax, m_emin, m_index, m_integral, m_last_emax, m_last_emin, m_last_energy, m_last_g_index, m_last_g_integral, m_last_index, m_last_integral, m_last_value, m_log_emax, m_log_emin, m_norm, GModelSpectral::m_pars, m_pow_emax, m_pow_emin, m_power, and m_type.

Referenced by GModelSpectralPlaw2(), and operator=().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::eflux ( const GEnergy emin,
const GEnergy emax 
) const [virtual]

Returns model energy flux between [emin, emax] (units: ph/cm2/s).

Parameters:
[in] emin Minimum photon energy.
[in] emax Minimum photon energy.
Returns:
Photon flux (ph/cm2/s).
Computes

\[ \int_{\tt emin}^{\tt emax} S_{\rm E}(E | t) E \, dE \]

where

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 534 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References emax(), emin(), index(), log(), m_index, m_integral, GEnergy::MeV(), gammalib::MeV2erg, norm(), pow(), and GOptimizerPar::value().

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::emax ( const GEnergy emax  )  [inline]

Set maximum energy.

Parameters:
[in] emax Maximum energy.
Sets the maximum energy.

Definition at line 299 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

References emax(), m_emax, GEnergy::MeV(), and GOptimizerPar::value().

GEnergy GModelSpectralPlaw2::emax ( void   )  const [inline]

Return maximum energy.

Returns:
Maximum energy.
Returns the maximum energy.

Definition at line 283 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

References m_emax, GEnergy::MeV(), and GOptimizerPar::value().

Referenced by eflux(), emax(), flux(), GModelSpectralPlaw2(), mc(), read(), update(), and write().

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::emin ( const GEnergy emin  )  [inline]

Set minimum energy.

Parameters:
[in] emin Minimum energy.
Sets the minimum energy.

Definition at line 268 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

References emin(), m_emin, GEnergy::MeV(), and GOptimizerPar::value().

GEnergy GModelSpectralPlaw2::emin ( void   )  const [inline]

Return minimum energy.

Returns:
Minimum energy.
Returns the minimum energy.

Definition at line 252 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

References m_emin, GEnergy::MeV(), and GOptimizerPar::value().

Referenced by eflux(), emin(), flux(), GModelSpectralPlaw2(), mc(), read(), update(), and write().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::eval ( const GEnergy srcEng,
const GTime srcTime = GTime() 
) const [virtual]

Evaluate function.

Parameters:
[in] srcEng True photon energy.
[in] srcTime True photon arrival time.
Returns:
Model value (ph/cm2/s/MeV).
Computes

\[ S_{\rm E}(E | t) = {\tt m\_integral} \frac{{\tt m\_index}+1} {{\tt e\_max}^{{\tt m\_index}+1} - {\tt e\_min}^{{\tt m\_index}+1}} E^{\tt m\_index} \]

for ${\tt m\_index} \ne -1$ and

\[ S_{\rm E}(E | t) = \frac{{\tt m\_integral}} {\log {\tt e\_max} - \log {\tt e\_min}} E^{\tt m\_index} \]

for ${\tt m\_index} = -1$, where

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 319 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References integral(), gammalib::is_infinite(), gammalib::is_notanumber(), m_integral, m_norm, m_power, update(), and GOptimizerPar::value().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::eval_gradients ( const GEnergy srcEng,
const GTime srcTime = GTime() 
) [virtual]

Evaluate function and gradients.

Parameters:
[in] srcEng True photon energy.
[in] srcTime True photon arrival time.
Returns:
Model value (ph/cm2/s/MeV).
Computes

\[ S_{\rm E}(E | t) = {\tt m\_integral} \frac{{\tt m\_index}+1} {{\tt e\_max}^{{\tt m\_index}+1} - {\tt e\_min}^{{\tt m\_index}+1}} E^{\tt m\_index} \]

for ${\tt m\_index} \ne -1$ and

\[ S_{\rm E}(E | t) = \frac{{\tt m\_integral}} {\log {\tt e\_max} - \log {\tt e\_min}} E^{\tt m\_index} \]

for ${\tt m\_index} = -1$, where

The method also evaluates the partial derivatives of the model with respect to the parameters using

\[ \frac{\delta S_{\rm E}(E | t)}{\delta {\tt m\_integral}} = \frac{S_{\rm E}(E | t)}{{\tt m\_integral}} \]

\[ \frac{\delta S_{\rm E}(E | t)}{\delta {\tt m\_index}} = S_{\rm E}(E | t) \, \left( \frac{1}{{\tt m\_index}+1} - \frac{\log({\tt e\_max}) {\tt e\_max}^{{\tt m\_index}+1} - \log({\tt e\_min}) {\tt e\_min}^{{\tt m\_index}+1}} {{\tt e\_max}^{{\tt m\_index}+1} - {\tt e\_min}^{{\tt m\_index}+1}} + \ln(E) \right) \]

for ${\tt m\_index} \ne -1$ and

\[ \frac{\delta S_{\rm E}(E | t)}{\delta {\tt m\_index}} = S_{\rm E}(E | t) \, \ln(E) \]

for ${\tt m\_index} = -1$.

No partial derivatives are supported for the energy boundaries.

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 411 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References GOptimizerPar::factor_gradient(), GOptimizerPar::factor_value(), integral(), GOptimizerPar::is_free(), gammalib::is_infinite(), gammalib::is_notanumber(), gammalib::ln10, GEnergy::log10MeV(), m_g_norm, m_index, m_integral, m_norm, m_power, GOptimizerPar::scale(), update(), and GOptimizerPar::value().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::flux ( const GEnergy emin,
const GEnergy emax 
) const [virtual]

Returns model photon flux between [emin, emax] (units: ph/cm2/s).

Parameters:
[in] emin Minimum photon energy.
[in] emax Minimum photon energy.
Returns:
Photon flux (ph/cm2/s).
Computes

\[ \int_{\tt emin}^{\tt emax} S_{\rm E}(E | t) dE \]

where

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 478 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References emax(), emin(), index(), log(), m_index, m_integral, GEnergy::MeV(), pow(), and GOptimizerPar::value().

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::free_members ( void   )  [protected]

Delete class members.

Reimplemented from GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 863 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

Referenced by clear(), operator=(), and ~GModelSpectralPlaw2().

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::index ( const double &  index  )  [inline]

Set power law index.

Parameters:
[in] index Power law index.
Sets the power law index.

Definition at line 237 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

References m_index, and GOptimizerPar::value().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::index ( void   )  const [inline]

Return power law index.

Returns:
Power law index.
Returns the power law index.

Definition at line 223 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

References m_index, and GOptimizerPar::value().

Referenced by eflux(), flux(), mc(), read(), update(), and write().

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::init_members ( void   )  [protected]

Initialise class members.

Reimplemented from GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 742 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References GOptimizerPar::clear(), GOptimizerPar::fix(), GOptimizerPar::free(), GOptimizerPar::gradient(), GOptimizerPar::has_grad(), m_emax, m_emin, m_index, m_integral, m_last_emax, m_last_emin, m_last_energy, m_last_g_index, m_last_g_integral, m_last_index, m_last_integral, m_last_value, m_log_emax, m_log_emin, m_norm, GModelSpectral::m_pars, m_pow_emax, m_pow_emin, m_power, m_type, GEnergy::MeV(), GOptimizerPar::name(), GOptimizerPar::range(), GOptimizerPar::scale(), GOptimizerPar::unit(), and GOptimizerPar::value().

Referenced by clear(), GModelSpectralPlaw2(), and operator=().

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::integral ( const double &  integral  )  [inline]

Set integral flux.

Parameters:
[in] integral Integral flux (ph/cm2/s).
Sets the integral flux.

Definition at line 206 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

References m_integral, and GOptimizerPar::value().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::integral ( void   )  const [inline]

Return integral flux.

Returns:
Integral flux (ph/cm2/s).
Returns the integral flux.

Definition at line 192 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

References m_integral, and GOptimizerPar::value().

Referenced by eval(), eval_gradients(), read(), and write().

GEnergy GModelSpectralPlaw2::mc ( const GEnergy emin,
const GEnergy emax,
const GTime time,
GRan ran 
) const [virtual]

Returns MC energy between [emin, emax].

Parameters:
[in] emin Minimum photon energy.
[in] emax Maximum photon energy.
[in] time True photon arrival time.
[in,out] ran Random number generator.
Returns:
Energy.
Exceptions:
GException::erange_invalid Energy range is invalid (emin < emax required).
Returns Monte Carlo energy by randomly drawing from a power law.

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 596 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References emax(), emin(), exp(), G_MC, index(), log(), GEnergy::MeV(), pow(), and GRan::uniform().

GModelSpectralPlaw2 & GModelSpectralPlaw2::operator= ( const GModelSpectralPlaw2 model  )  [virtual]

Assignment operator.

Parameters:
[in] model Spectral power law model.
Returns:
Spectral power law model.

Definition at line 226 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References copy_members(), free_members(), init_members(), and GModelSpectral::operator=().

std::string GModelSpectralPlaw2::print ( const GChatter chatter = NORMAL  )  const [virtual]

Print power law information.

Parameters:
[in] chatter Chattiness (defaults to NORMAL).
Returns:
String containing power law information.

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 708 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References GModelSpectral::m_pars, gammalib::parformat(), SILENT, GModelSpectral::size(), and gammalib::str().

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::read ( const GXmlElement xml  )  [virtual]

Read model from XML element.

Parameters:
[in] xml XML element.
Reads the spectral information from an XML element.

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 643 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References emax(), emin(), G_READ, index(), integral(), m_emax, m_emin, m_index, m_integral, GOptimizerPar::name(), GModelPar::read(), and gammalib::xml_get_par().

Referenced by GModelSpectralPlaw2().

std::string GModelSpectralPlaw2::type ( void   )  const [inline, virtual]

Return model type.

Returns:
Model type.
Returns the type of the spectral power law model.

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 178 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

References m_type.

Referenced by write().

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::update ( const GEnergy srcEng  )  const [protected]

Update precomputed values.

Parameters:
[in] srcEng Source energy

Definition at line 875 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References emax(), emin(), index(), log(), m_g_norm, m_last_emax, m_last_emin, m_last_energy, m_last_index, m_log_emax, m_log_emin, m_norm, m_pow_emax, m_pow_emin, m_power, GEnergy::MeV(), and pow().

Referenced by eval(), and eval_gradients().

void GModelSpectralPlaw2::write ( GXmlElement xml  )  const [virtual]

Write model into XML element.

Parameters:
[in] xml XML element.
Exceptions:
GException::model_invalid_spectral Existing XML element is not of type "PowerLaw2"
Writes the spectral information into an XML element.

Implements GModelSpectral.

Definition at line 672 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.cpp.

References GXmlElement::attribute(), emax(), emin(), G_WRITE, index(), integral(), m_emax, m_emin, m_index, m_integral, GOptimizerPar::name(), type(), GModelPar::write(), and gammalib::xml_need_par().


Member Data Documentation

GModelPar GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_emax [protected]

Upper energy limit (MeV).

Definition at line 137 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), emax(), GModelSpectralPlaw2(), init_members(), read(), and write().

GModelPar GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_emin [protected]

Lower energy limit (MeV).

Definition at line 136 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), emin(), GModelSpectralPlaw2(), init_members(), read(), and write().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_g_norm [mutable, protected]

Power-law normalization gradient.

Definition at line 145 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by eval_gradients(), and update().

GModelPar GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_index [protected]

Spectral index.

Definition at line 135 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), eflux(), eval_gradients(), flux(), GModelSpectralPlaw2(), index(), init_members(), read(), and write().

GModelPar GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_integral [protected]

Integral flux.

Definition at line 134 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), eflux(), eval(), eval_gradients(), flux(), GModelSpectralPlaw2(), init_members(), integral(), read(), and write().

GEnergy GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_last_emax [mutable, protected]

Last upper energy limit.

Definition at line 150 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), init_members(), and update().

GEnergy GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_last_emin [mutable, protected]

Last lower energy limit.

Definition at line 149 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), init_members(), and update().

GEnergy GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_last_energy [mutable, protected]

Last source energy.

Definition at line 151 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), init_members(), and update().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_last_g_index [mutable, protected]

Last spectral index gradient.

Definition at line 154 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), and init_members().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_last_g_integral [mutable, protected]

Last integral flux gradient.

Definition at line 153 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), and init_members().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_last_index [mutable, protected]

Last spectral index (MeV).

Definition at line 148 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), init_members(), and update().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_last_integral [mutable, protected]

Last integral flux.

Definition at line 147 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), and init_members().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_last_value [mutable, protected]

Last function value.

Definition at line 152 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), and init_members().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_log_emax [mutable, protected]

Log(emax).

Definition at line 141 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), init_members(), and update().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_log_emin [mutable, protected]

Log(emin).

Definition at line 140 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), init_members(), and update().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_norm [mutable, protected]

Power-law normalization (for pivot energy 1 MeV).

Definition at line 144 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), eval(), eval_gradients(), init_members(), and update().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_pow_emax [mutable, protected]

emax^(index+1)

Definition at line 143 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), init_members(), and update().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_pow_emin [mutable, protected]

emin^(index+1)

Definition at line 142 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), init_members(), and update().

double GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_power [mutable, protected]

Power-law factor.

Definition at line 146 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), eval(), eval_gradients(), init_members(), and update().

std::string GModelSpectralPlaw2::m_type [protected]

Model type.

Definition at line 133 of file GModelSpectralPlaw2.hpp.

Referenced by copy_members(), GModelSpectralPlaw2(), init_members(), and type().


The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:
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